{"commentary":{"id":"john-gill","name":"John Gill Bible Commentary","website":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gill_(theologian)","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/","licenseNotes":null,"licenseNotice":null,"englishName":"John Gill Bible Commentary","language":"eng","textDirection":"rtl","sha256":"f6fcfd6c3a726dc834cfaf1ae1cd0bf49bffb88c1246ac3500699e8af7be71a5","availableFormats":["json"],"listOfBooksApiLink":"/api/c/john-gill/books.json","listOfProfilesApiLink":"/api/c/john-gill/profiles.json","numberOfBooks":66,"totalNumberOfChapters":1189,"totalNumberOfVerses":29707,"totalNumberOfProfiles":0,"languageName":"English","languageEnglishName":"English"},"book":{"id":"PSA","commentaryId":"john-gill","name":"Psalms","commonName":"Psalms","introduction":"INTRODUCTION TO PSALMS \n\nThe title of this book may be rendered \"the Book of Praises\", or \"Hymns\"; the psalm which our Lord sung at the passover is called an \"hymn\", Mat 26:30; and the one hundred forty fifth Psalm is entitled \"an Hymn of David\"; and the psalms in general are called \"hymns\" by Philo the Jew (a), and songs and hymns by Josephus (b); and to these several names of this book the apostle manifestly refers in Eph 5:19, Col 3:16. The Jews divided the writings of the Old Testament into three parts: the first division is the Law, or five books of Moses; the second is the Prophets, former and latter; and the third, the \"Hagiographa\", or holy writings; to which division Christ has a regard in Luk 24:44; and because the book of Psalms stand first in the last division, the whole goes by its name. This book by the Apostle Peter is entitled as here, Act 1:20; the title in the Syriac version is, \n\n\"the Book of the Psalms of David, King and Prophet,'' \n\nwith which agrees the Arabic version. As to the divine authority of it, that it was written by inspiration of God, we have not only the testimony of David, who says, \"the Spirit of God spake by me\", Sa2 23:2; but the testimonies of Christ and his apostles, Mat 22:43; and, as Aben Ezra (c) observes the whole of it was spoken , \"by the Holy Ghost\". Concerning the penman or amanuensis, employed by the Spirit of God in writing it, there are different opinions. The Jews make mention of ten, which are differently reckoned by them. According to Jarchi (d), they were Adam, Melchizedek, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, Asaph, and the three sons of Korah. According to Kimchi (e), they were Adam, the first, Melchizedek, Abraham, Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun, Moses, and the three sons of Korah; Asir, Elkanah, and Abiasaph. Some ascribe all the Psalms to David (f), and think that those which are said to be a psalm of Asaph, or of Heman, &c. should be rendered \"a psalm to Asaph\", &c. and only signify that they were psalms delivered to them, to be sung in a public manner. But the truest opinion seems to be, that the greater part of them were written by David, and for the most part those that have no title; and the rest by those whose names they bear. Some were written at and after the Babylonish captivity, as Psa 126:1 and Psa 137:1. The manner or form in which they were written was metre (g), though some deny it that the Jews had metre: as appears by the different accentuation of them from other writings, and from their being sung vocally and on musical instruments. Josephus (h), the Jewish historian, says, that \n\n\"David being free from war, and enjoying a profound peace, composed songs and hymns to God, of various metre; some trimeter, and some pentameter;'' \n\nthat is, some of three feet, and others of five feet: for the Psalms of David are thought to be of the \"lyric\" kind; and Gomarus, in his Lyra, has given many instances out of them, which are of the \"iambic\", \"trochaic\" kind, &c. though the Jews for many years have lost the knowledge of the sacred poetry. R. Benjamin (i) indeed says, that in his time there were at Bagdad R. Eleazar and his brethren, who knew how to sing the songs, as the singers did when the temple was standing. The subject matter of this book is exceeding great and excellent; many of the psalms respect the person, offices, and grace of Christ; his sufferings and death, resurrection, ascension, and session at the right hand of God; and so are exceeding suitable to the Gospel dispensation. The whole book is a rich mine of grace and evangelical truths, and a large fund of spiritual experience; and is abundantly suited to every case, state, and condition, that the church of Christ, or particular believers, are in at any time. \n\n(a) De Mutat. Nom. p. 1062. (b) Antiquitat. l. 7. c. 12. s. 3. (c) Praefat. in Psalm. (d) Praefat. in Psalm. (e) Praefat. in ibid. (f) R. Hona in Midrash Tillim, fol. 2. 1. (g) Vid. Lowth de Sacr. Poes. Heb. Praelect. 3. s. 32, &c. (h) Ut supra. (Antiquitat. l. 7. c. 12. s. 3.) (i) Itinerar. p. 70, 71. \n\n\n\nNext: Psalms Chapter 1\n\n","order":19,"numberOfChapters":150,"sha256":"33d90ea59a0a57d8b7c22ed72fa2b82269cfbf967fb43dc0a325d1555bd7f267","firstChapterNumber":1,"firstChapterApiLink":"/api/c/john-gill/PSA/1.json","firstChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"john-gill","book":"PSA","chapter":1},"lastChapterNumber":150,"lastChapterApiLink":"/api/c/john-gill/PSA/150.json","lastChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"john-gill","book":"PSA","chapter":150},"totalNumberOfVerses":2453},"chapter":{"number":70,"content":[{"type":"verse","number":1,"content":["Make haste, O God, to deliver me,.... The phrase, \"make haste\", is supplied from the following clause in Psalm 40:13; it is, \"be pleased, O Lord\", or \"Jehovah\". The Targum renders it, \"to deliver us\"; very wrongly;\n\nmake haste to help me, O Lord; See Gill on Psalm 22:19. \n"]},{"type":"verse","number":2,"content":["Let them be ashamed and confounded,.... In Psalm 40:14 it is added, \"together\"; See Gill on Psalm 40:14;\n\nthat seek after my soul; or \"life\"; in Psalm 40:14 it is added, \"to destroy it\"; for that was the end of their seeking after it;\n\nlet them be turned backward, &c. See Gill on Psalm 40:14. \n"]},{"type":"verse","number":3,"content":["Let them be turned back for a reward of their shame,.... In Psalm 40:15 it is, \"let them be desolate\"; which seems to respect their land and houses, here their persons; See Gill on Psalm 40:15;\n\nthat say; in Psalm 40:15 it is added, \"to me\"; not to his people, but himself,\n\naha, aha: rejoicing at his calamity and distress. The Targum is,\n\n\"we are glad, we are glad;''\n\nSee Gill on Psalm 40:15, and compare with this Ezekiel 25:3. \n"]},{"type":"verse","number":4,"content":["Let all those that seek thee,.... The Targum is,\n\n\"that seek doctrine (or instruction) from thee.''\n\nrejoice and be glad in thee; the Targum paraphrases it,\n\n\"rejoice and be glad in thy word.''\n\nand let such as love thy salvation say continually, let God be magnified; the Targum is,\n\n\"let the glory of the Lord be increased;''\n\nand in Psalm 40:16, instead of \"God\", it is \"the Lord\", or \"Jehovah\": See Gill on Psalm 40:16. \n"]},{"type":"verse","number":5,"content":["But I am poor and needy,.... In Psalm 40:17 it follows, yet \"the Lord thinketh on me\"; instead of which it is here; see Gill on Psalm 40:17;\n\nmake haste unto me, O God; which repeats for sense the same petition as in Psalm 71:1;\n\nthou art my help and my deliverer; O Lord, make no tarrying; in Psalm 40:17 it is, \"O my God\". \n"]}]},"thisChapterLink":"/api/c/john-gill/PSA/70.json","thisChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"john-gill","book":"PSA","chapter":70},"nextChapterApiLink":"/api/c/john-gill/PSA/71.json","nextChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"john-gill","book":"PSA","chapter":71},"previousChapterApiLink":"/api/c/john-gill/PSA/69.json","previousChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"john-gill","book":"PSA","chapter":69},"numberOfVerses":5}