{"commentary":{"id":"jamieson-fausset-brown","name":"Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary","website":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamieson-Fausset-Brown_Bible_Commentary","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/","licenseNotes":null,"licenseNotice":null,"englishName":"Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary","language":"eng","textDirection":"rtl","sha256":"db3d4c8b3c1f32ef9d1430a57392e02bda3a17aac1f9bbe398461de021a3cb13","availableFormats":["json"],"listOfBooksApiLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/books.json","listOfProfilesApiLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/profiles.json","numberOfBooks":66,"totalNumberOfChapters":1187,"totalNumberOfVerses":17056,"totalNumberOfProfiles":0,"languageName":"English","languageEnglishName":"English"},"book":{"id":"1SA","commentaryId":"jamieson-fausset-brown","name":"1 Samuel","commonName":"1 Samuel","introduction":"THE FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF SAMUEL. The two were, by the ancient Jews, conjoined so as to make one book, and in that form could be called the Book of Samuel with more propriety than now, the second being wholly occupied with the relation of transactions that did not take place till after the death of that eminent judge. Accordingly, in the Septuagint and the Vulgate, it is called the First and Second Books of Kings. The early portion of the First Book, down to the end of the twenty-fourth chapter, was probably written by Samuel; while the rest of it and the whole of the Second, are commonly ascribed to Nathan and Gad, founding the opinion on Ch1 29:29. Commentators, however, are divided about this, some supposing that the statements in Sa1 2:26; Sa1 3:1, indicate the hand of the judge himself, or a contemporary; while some think, from Sa1 6:18; Sa1 12:5; Sa1 27:6, that its composition must be referred to a later age. It is probable, however, that these supposed marks of an after-period were interpolations of Ezra. This uncertainty, however, as to the authorship does not affect the inspired authority of the book, which is indisputable, being quoted in the New Testament (Sa1 13:14 in Act 13:22, and Sa2 7:14 in Heb 1:5), as well as in many of the Psalms. \n\n\n\nNext: 1 Samuel Chapter 1\n\n","order":9,"numberOfChapters":31,"sha256":"1975a4e2a6bdaa5be4dcf999c79b20d8910671818d67532ae00697e811d891c8","firstChapterNumber":1,"firstChapterApiLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/1SA/1.json","firstChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"jamieson-fausset-brown","book":"1SA","chapter":1},"lastChapterNumber":31,"lastChapterApiLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/1SA/31.json","lastChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"jamieson-fausset-brown","book":"1SA","chapter":31},"totalNumberOfVerses":294},"chapter":{"number":22,"content":[{"type":"verse","number":2,"content":["every one that was in distress--(See on Jdg 11:3).\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":3,"content":["David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab--\"Mizpeh\" signifies a watchtower, and it is evident that it must be taken in this sense here, for it is called \"the hold\" or fort (Sa1 22:4). The king of Moab was an enemy of Saul (Sa1 14:47), and the great-grandson of Ruth, of course, was related to the family of Jesse. David, therefore, had less anxiety in seeking an asylum within the dominions of this prince than those of Achish, because the Moabites had no grounds for entertaining vindictive feelings against him, and their enmity, to Saul rendered them the more willing to receive so illustrious a refugee from his court.\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":5,"content":["the prophet Gad said unto David, Abide not in the hold--This sound advice, no doubt, came from a higher source than Gad's own sagacity. It was right to appear publicly among the people of his own tribe, as one conscious of innocence and trusting in God; and it was expedient that, on the death of Saul, his friends might be encouraged to support his interest. \n\nforest of Hareth--southwest of Jerusalem.\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":6,"content":["Saul abode . . . under a tree in Ramah--literally, \"under a grove on a hill.\" Oriental princes frequently sit with their court under some shady canopy in the open air. A spear was the early scepter.\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":7,"content":["Hear now, ye Benjamites--This was an appeal to stimulate the patriotism or jealousy of his own tribe, from which he insinuated it was the design of David to transfer the kingdom to another. This address seems to have been made on hearing of David's return with his four hundred men to Judah. A dark suspicion had risen in the jealous mind of the king that Jonathan was aware of this movement, which he dreaded as a conspiracy against the crown.\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":9,"content":["DOEG ACCUSES AHIMELECH. (Sa1 22:9-16)\n\nDoeg . . . set over the servants--Septuagint, \"the mules of Saul.\"\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":10,"content":["he inquired of the Lord for him--Some suppose that this was a malicious fiction of Doeg to curry favor with the king, but Ahimelech seems to acknowledge the fact. The poor simple-minded high priest knew nothing of the existing family feud between Saul and David. The informer, if he knew it, said nothing of the cunning artifice by which David obtained the aid of Ahimelech. The facts looked against him, and the whole priesthood along with him were declared abettors of conspiracy [Sa1 22:16-17].\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":17,"content":["SAUL COMMANDS TO KILL THE PRIESTS. (Sa1 22:17-19)\n\nthe footmen that stood about him--his bodyguard, or his runners (Sa1 8:11; Sa2 15:1; Kg1 1:5; Kg1 14:28), who held an important place at court (Ch2 12:10). But they chose rather to disobey the king than to offend God by imbruing their hands in the blood of his ministering servants. A foreigner alone (Psa 52:1-3) could be found willing to be the executioner of this bloody and sacrilegious sentence. Thus was the doom of the house of Eli fulfilled [Sa1 2:30-36].\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":19,"content":["Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword--The barbarous atrocities perpetrated against this city seem to have been designed to terrify all the subjects of Saul from affording either aid or an asylum to David. But they proved ruinous to Saul's own interest, as they alienated the priesthood and disgusted all good men in the kingdom.\n\n"]},{"type":"verse","number":20,"content":["ABIATHAR ESCAPES AND FLEES AFTER DAVID. (Sa1 22:20-23)\n\none of the sons of Ahimelech . . . escaped--This was Abiathar, who repaired to David in the forest of Hareth, rescuing, with his own life, the high priest's vestments (Sa1 23:6, Sa1 23:9). On hearing his sad tale, David declared that he had dreaded such a fatal result from the malice and intriguing ambition of Doeg; and, accusing himself as having been the occasion of all the disaster to Abiathar's family, David invited him to remain, because, firmly trusting himself in the accomplishment of the divine promise, David could guarantee protection to him.\n\n\n\n\nNext: 1 Samuel Chapter 23\n\n"]}],"introduction":"DAVID'S KINDRED AND OTHERS RESORT TO HIM AT ADULLAM. (Sa1 22:1-8)\n\nDavid . . . escaped to the cave Adullam--supposed to be that now called Deir-Dubban, a number of pits or underground vaults, some nearly square, and all about fifteen or twenty feet deep, with perpendicular sides, in the soft limestone or chalky rocks. They are on the borders of the Philistine plain at the base of the Judea mountains, six miles southwest from Beth-lehem, and well adapted for concealing a number of refugees. \n\nhis brethren and all his father's house . . . went down--to escape the effects of Saul's rage, which seems to have extended to all David's family. From Beth-lehem to Deir-Dubban it is, indeed, a descent all the way.\n\n"},"thisChapterLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/1SA/22.json","thisChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"jamieson-fausset-brown","book":"1SA","chapter":22},"nextChapterApiLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/1SA/23.json","nextChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"jamieson-fausset-brown","book":"1SA","chapter":23},"previousChapterApiLink":"/api/c/jamieson-fausset-brown/1SA/21.json","previousChapterReference":{"commentaryId":"jamieson-fausset-brown","book":"1SA","chapter":21},"numberOfVerses":10}